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(No Model.)

0. E. BENNETT. APPARATUS FOR BLEAGHING YARN, &0.

No. 258,355. Patented May 23,1882.

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. To all whom it may concern:

. UNITED STATES [PATENT FOFFIGE.

CHARLES nnnnnnrr, OF BIRCH VALE, NEAR STOCKPORT, OOUNTY'OF DERBY, ENGLAND.

QAPIPARATQUSFOR BLEACHING YARNS, 8w.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,355, dated Mayv 213, 1882 Application filed February 6, 1882. (Yo model) l atented in England January 7, 1880, No, 66. I

Be it known that I, CHARLES EDWARD BEN- NETT, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Birch Vale, near Stockport, in the county of Derby, England, have invented improvements in the construction of apparatus used for bleaching cottonor other yarns, cops, or cloth, (forwhich I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 66, dated January 7, 1880,) of which the following is a specification.

Thisinvention relates to the'bleaching of cotton or other yarns,cops, or cloth in an open keir or vessel ,and the principal advantages of the improved construction of apparatus are that the whole process ofbleachingviz., ashing or liming, chemicking, soaring, soapin g, and watering-can be performed without disturbing the contents ofthe keir, whereas in an ordinary keir, after bleaching-that is, ashing orliming-theconten ts have to be taken out-to bechemicked and soured, and then placed again in the keir it required to he bleached a second time, causing an extra expenditure of labor and time, and the contents of the keir, (whether yarns, cops, or cloth,) not requiring to be disturbed, are kept in one position during the whole time, so that they are not liable to become disarranged or broken, and this is more especially important in bleaching cops.

Such being the nature and object of my said invention, I will now proceed to describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood 1 have annexed hereunto a partial sectional drawing illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with letters of relference corresponding with those in the following explanation thereof. A

I employ an open keir or vessel, to a, made of wood or other suitable material, which is supported upon pillars or otherwise, and is provided with a perforated false bottom at b I). From the center of the bottom of the keir, below the false bottom, a pipe, 0 0, leads to a waste-tap, d at, above which are two branch pipes, e 0, one leading to the chemic wellf f and sour wells g g and the other to a closed receiver, h it, outside the keir a (1. Both these branch pipes are provided with stop-taps i 'i. To the bottom of the receiver h It is connected a steam-pipe, 70 It, (provided also with a stop-tap, 1,) and the end of this steam-pipe projects upward and is carried into'the open mouth of a. conical tube, or m, the upper end of which passes upward through the top of the receiver h h, where it is bent over and terminates in an open mouth atmabove the center of the open keir a a, where it is provided with 'a, disk or spreader, 0, for distributing the so that it can be made to communicateeither with the chemic or the sour wellffor g g, as may be required; or two pipes and two taps may be employed for this purpose, if preferred.

The method of using this apparatus is as follows: All the taps being closed and the yarn, cops, or cloth being placed in the keir a a, the water-tap q is first opened and the keir filled with water to the desired level. The watertap q is then closed and the necessary quantity of bleaching liquor or powder is added; The steam-tap l and that of the pipe 6 com; munieating between the bottom of the keir a d and the receiver h h are now openedi Theliq nor will then commence running from the bot tom of the keir into the receiver h h, and the steam will force the liquor up the conical pipe at m, which distributes it over the top of the keir a a,rand thus a constant circulation of the liquor through the goods in the keir will be kept up. 7 When the bleaching process has been working long enough then the two lastmentioned taps l and i must be closed and the waste-tap d be opened, so as to let the liquor out of the keir. The water-tap q is now opened again and the goods are showered with water, after which the water and waste taps q and d are to be closed and the tap i in the branch pipe e, leading from the keir to the chemic-well Ice ff, isto be opened. The cheniic-pnmp r r isv now set'to' work and will cause a continuous circulation of the chemic liquor through the goods in the keir a a, and when this chemicking process has been carried on long enough the pump 1' r is to be stopped, and the liquor will flow off into the chemic-wellff. The tap 13 in the branch pipe 6 is then closed, and thewater and waste taps q and d are to be opened and the goods showered again with water, as before. All the taps are then closed with the exception of that communicating from the bottom ot'thekeirto thcsour-wellgg. The soars pump 7 is now set to work, which will. keep 1 up a continuous flow of sours, and when worked long enough the action of the pump is to be stopped and the liquorrun'ofl' into the sour-well g g. The tap i of the branch pipe 6 is s then to-bc closed and the goods showeredwith 2'0 water, as before, after which the water-tap q- 1 is to be closed and the yarn allowed to drainr The waste-tap dis then to be'c losed'and the water-tap'q opened to fill the keirto'the desired level. Then close the water-tap-qand add 2 thcnecessary quantity of soap. Thestcam-i tap'l and the tapi, communicating between the bottom of the keir a a and the receiver h h, is then to be opened and-the soap-liquor will commence running from'the bottom'ot' the o kcir a a into the receiver h h. The steam will force the liquor up the conical pipe mm, hicli distributes it over'the top ofthe kcir a a, and

thusaconstantcireulation of the liquor through the goods will be kept up, and when this has 5 worked long enough the two last-mentioned taps (l and i) must be closed and the wastetap d be opened, so as to let the liquor out of the keir. The water-tap q is now to be opened again and the goods are showered with water, 'as before, or they may be washed by hand, if

preferred.

If it is necessary to bleach a secondtime or oftcner, the same process can be repeated as many times as required without disturbing the (contents of the heir.

I may here observe that, although I recommend a receiver as the best means of injecting the liquor into the heir on account of having no pipes inside the kcir for the chem-ic or sours to act upon, it is not absolutely necessary to employ a receiver, as an injector alone will do; or the liquor may bethrown from the false bottom direct up a conical pipe in the center of the keir by means of a steam-pipe entering the -month of the conical pipe, as in the receiver, or as'is'done in an ordinary iron keir; but in this case such steam-pipe and conical pipe would have to be either made of lead or else be protected by a casing of wood or some suitable composition which would resist the action of the chemic and sonrs.

I claim- Thecombination-of an open keir,a, valved outlet 0', and valved branches 0 c with well or wells and corresponding pumps for receiving the discharged liquids through one branch, and a closedvessel, h, communicating with the other braucln'steam-pipe 7c, and pipe 122, all substanti'ally as described.

\ In testimony whercotI have signed my name "to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' CHARLES E. BENNETT.

' Witnesses:

CHARLES DAVIES, JNo. S. HUGHES. 

